Nowadays, located in what is called the Sacred Valley of the Incas, it is an important tourist attraction on account of its Inca ruins and its location en route to one of the most common starting points for the four-day, three-night hike known as the Inca Trail. During the Inca Empire, Ollantaytambo was the royal estate of Emperor Pachacuti, who conquered the region, and built the town and a ceremonial center. At this point, the site is divided into three main areas: the Middle sector, directly in front of the terraces; the Temple sector, to the south; and the Funerary sector, to the north. [13] At the center of this grid, the Incas built a large plaza that may have been up to four blocks large; it was open to the east and surrounded by halls and other town blocks on its other three sides. Within the Saudi Arabian desert lies a 2,000-year-old ghost town made of stone and mud. The site features three main quarrying areas: Mullup'urku, Kantirayoq, and Sirkusirkuyoq; all of them provided blocks of rose rhyolite for the elaborate buildings of the Temple Hill. The Second Edition of Our Book, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollantaytambo, https://trans-americas.com/sacred-valley-travel-ollantaytambo-peru/, https://www.cachilife.com/sacred-valley-peru-last-guide-youll-ever-need/, https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ruinas+ollantaytambo/@-13.2566934,-72.2658989,17z/data=!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x916dea6dde30c85f:0x6b45959fbd0c6f6a!2sOllantaytambo,+Peru!3b1!8m2!3d-13.2583689!4d-72.2642679!3m4!1s0x916dea6bb9c6421b:0x55c40c8eae56c73b!8m2!3d-13.2566933!4d-72.2658992. Many of the building foundations in old town Ollantaytambo Peru were built by the Inca, and the majority of the Inca canchas, or blocks, are still intact, making for a nice walk indeed. An elaborate network of roads, ramps, and slides connected them with the main building areas. Things to Do in Ollantaytambo, Sacred Valley: See Tripadvisor's 28,746 traveller reviews and photos of Ollantaytambo tourist attractions. Frequently overshadowed by the world-famous Machu Picchu ruins, nearby Archaeological Park Ollantaytambo offers canny travelers a chance to see a breathtaking site in a sacred valley with a fraction of the tourists. We depend on ad revenue to craft and curate stories about the world’s hidden wonders. In the quarries are several chullpas, small stone towers used as burial sites in pre-Hispanic times. Huge stone depressions which may have acted as an Incan agricultural experiment. [29] Terraces at Ollantaytambo were built to a higher standard than common Inca agricultural terraces; for instance, they have higher walls made of cut stones instead of rough fieldstones. It is located at an altitude of 2,792 m (9,160 ft) above sea level in the district of Ollantaytambo, province of Urubamba, Cusco region. At the time of the Spanish conquest of Peru, it served as a stronghold for Manco Inca Yupanqui, leader of the Inca resistance. Although if the entry fee puts you off, it has been known for the odd security guard to let tourists in through a sneaky back entrance in exchange for an equally sneaky back-hander. As the site is isolated from the rest of Ollantaytambo and surrounded by an elaborate terraces, it was postulated to be a palace built for emperor Pachacuti. Every weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you. Noteworthy features include quarries, terraces, ceremonial grounds, and storehouses. Araqhama has been continuously occupied since Inca times, as evidenced by the Roman Catholic church on the eastern side of the plaza. Near Ollantaytambo, take the half day hike to the “hidden gem” archaeological site of Pumamarca. In this expedition, we will visit Ñaupa a sacred place of the Incas, the terraces of Ollantaytambo, the giant stones, Puma Marca "puma's fortress" and more Inca terraces to provide food to the population of Ollantaytambo. The following itinerary makes for a nice and casual day hike from Ollantaytambo. To enhance this effect, the Ollantaytambo qullqas feature ventilation systems. The main settlement at Ollantaytambo has an orthogonal layout with four longitudinal streets crossed by seven parallel streets. [14][15] All blocks on the southern half of the town were built to the same design; each comprised two kancha, walled compounds with four one-room buildings around a central courtyard. Pinkuylluna is located on Lare Calle, just above APU Lodge in Ollantaytambo. Massive reconstruction efforts undertaken by Emperor Pachacuti following the destruction of the original town yielded the architecture and innovations that define the site today. The palace of the King of Kings, burned by Alexander the Great. It is accessed by a stairway that ends on a terrace with a half-finished gate and the Enclosure of the Ten Niches, a one-room building. You can buy a Boleto Turistico in an office near the main plaza in Cuzco or at the site itself. [30], A set of sunken terraces starts south of Ollantaytambo's Plaza de Armas, stretching all the way to the Urubamba River. Clap your hands at the base of the pyramid, and the song of a sacred Mayan bird will echo through the air. Lovecraft. This archaeological complex is a national park located in the district of Ollantaytambo, province of Urubamba. [1] The emperor rebuilt the town with sumptuous constructions and undertook extensive works of terracing and irrigation in the Urubamba Valley; the town provided lodging for the Inca nobility, while the terraces were farmed by yanakuna, retainers of the emperor. Though originally built for purposes of worship by Emperor Pachacuti, the fortress served as the last Inca stronghold against the Spanish Conquistadors and has the distinction of being the site of one of the only battles in which the Inca successfully repelled Spanish forces. Follow us on social media to add even more wonder to your day. Ollantaytambo Ancient Ruins: See reviews and photos of 10 ancient ruins in Ollantaytambo, Peru on Tripadvisor. In the event of these fortifications being overrun, the Temple Hill itself with its high terraces provided a last line of defense against invaders. The full Boleto Turistico del Cusco (130 soles or about US$36.50 per person) is valid for 10 days from the first time you use it. Help. [33] Grain would be poured in the windows on the uphill side of each building, then emptied out through the downhill side window. To enter Ollantaytambo, tourists need a Cusco Tourist Ticket. Check out the best tours and activities to experience Ollantaytambo Ruins. If you do not plan to visit the archaeological sites or museums in and around Cusco and just want to focus on the archaeological sites in the Sacred Valley, get the partial Boleto Turistico (70 soles or about US$20 per person). "Ancient Technology in Peru & Bolivia" Adventures Unlimited Press 2012, This page was last edited on 14 January 2021, at 15:44. Only a short drive from Cuzco, it is the gateway to Machu Picchu and a window into Inca agriculture and terraces. The main structure of the whole sector is the Sun Temple, an uncompleted building which features the Wall of the Six Monoliths. [35], As Ollantaytambo is surrounded by mountains, and the main access routes run along the Urubamba Valley; there, the Incas built roads connecting the site with Machu Picchu to the west and Pisaq to the east. Visit the ruins, take a break and enjoy the impressive view before continuing on the Inca trail towards Ollantaytambo. © 2021 Atlas Obscura. Located at an altitude of nearly 3,000 meters lie the ancient ruins of Ollantaytambo in Peru. [19] The plaza at the center of the town also disappeared, as several buildings were built over it in colonial times. A walk through the settlement provides an unparalleled glimpse into the lives of the town’s former inhabitants and offers visitors an intimate look at Ollantaytambo’s distinctive layout and dwellings. [21] To the north of Manyaraki are several sanctuaries with carved stones, sculpted rock faces, and elaborate waterworks; they include the Templo de Agua and the Baño de la Ñusta. Other nearby attractions include the Temple of the Sun and the Princess Baths, both of which feature examples of Inca carvings. The town of Ollantaytambo is located along the Patakancha River, close to the point where it joins the Willkanuta River. These buildings have a much larger area than their counterparts in the main settlement; they also have very tall walls and oversized doors. The ruins of a South Pacific island city are spectacular and strange enough to have inspired H.P. Don't miss out on great deals for things to do on your trip to Cusco! They are very old and not marketed as a tourist attraction efficiently. Please click below to consent to the use of this technology while browsing our site. [22], 'Araqhama is bordered to the west by Cerro Bandolista, a steep hill on which the Incas built a ceremonial center. Ollantaytambo is a small town of cobblestone streets and buildings built on foundations of Inca stonework, in the Sacred Valley of the Incas near Cusco in the Southern Sierra region of Peru. Ollantaytambo is an Inca archaeological site in southern Peru some 60 kilometers northwest of the city of Cuzco. Several Inca structures are in the surrounding areas, and what follows is a brief description of the main sites. [32], The Incas built several storehouses or qullqas (Quechua: qollqa) out of fieldstones on the hills surrounding Ollantaytambo. The main settlement is located on the left margin of the Patakancha with a smaller compound called 'Araqhama on the right margin. Reach these well preserved ruins by following a scenic route which passes through the charming village of Ollantaytambo. [23], The Temple sector is built out of cut and fitted stones in contrast to the other two sectors of the Temple Hill, which are made out of fieldstones. The part of the hill facing the town is occupied by the terraces of Pumatallis, framed on both flanks by rock outcrops. You can see the Ollantaytambo Ruins(Fortress) from up top as well. Visit top-rated & must-see attractions. It can be challenging if you're not accustomed to the altitude, but also a good practice hike as it's maybe 30 minutes up. Map of Ollantaytambo area hotels: Locate Ollantaytambo hotels on a map based on popularity, price, or availability, and see Tripadvisor reviews, photos, and deals. To the south are other structures, but smaller and built out of fieldstones. Reserve your spot today and pay when you're ready for thousands of tours on Viator. This type of high-prestige terracing is also found in other Inca royal estates such as Chinchero, Pisaq, and Yucay. Construction of the wall was abandoned before its completion for reasons that remain unknown. The main Inca ceremonial center is located beyond 'Araqhama on a hill called Cerro Bandolista. 3.8 km / 2.36 mile - Continue STRAIGHT ON the path along the north side of the ruins (following the sign painted on the rock). For this trek or if you wish to to book your ticket to Machu Picchu right away take a look at this page on FindLocalTrips.com Follow us on Twitter to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. They are about 700 m long, 60 m wide, and up to 15 m below the level of surrounding terraces; due to their shape, they are called Callejón, the Spanish word for alley. Behind them is an open space which hosts the Platform of the Carved Seat and two unfinished monumental walls. Due to impressive character of these terraces, the Temple Hill is commonly known as the Fortress, but this is a misnomer, as the main functions of this site were religious. During the Inca Empire, Ollantaytambo was the royal estate of Emperor Pachacuti, who conquered the region,[3]:73 and built the town and a ceremonial center. "It snakes along the cliffs right above the village and there was a wonderfully refreshing wind, although the gusts can be a little unnerving on the especially narrow parts." [16] Buildings in the northern half are more varied in design; however, most are in such a bad condition that their original plan is hard to establish. [36], Coordinates: 13°15′29″S 72°15′48″W / 13.25806°S 72.26333°W / -13.25806; -72.26333. de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, History of the Incas, Lexington, Fernando E. Elorrieta Salazar & Edgar Elorrieta Salazar – Cusco and the Sacred Valley of the Incas (2005), pages 83–91. It is believed that the Ollantaytambo ruins date back to around the mid-15th century and were built under the command of the Inca Emperor Pachacuti.Less than a hundred years later the ruins played a vital role in the Inca resistance against the Spanish conquistadors. During the Spanish conquest of Peru, Ollantaytambo served as a temporary capital for Manco Inca, leader of the native resistance against the conquistadors. It includes admission to some museums in Cuzco, all of the archaeological sites around Cuzco, and the major archaeological sites in the Sacred Valley, including Ollantaytambo. [24] The Middle and Funerary sectors have several rectangular buildings, some of them with two floors; also, several fountains are in the Middle sector. Although Ollantaytambo lies at a lower altitude than Cusco (another good reason to spend some time here rather than basing yourself in Cusco the whole time you’re in the region) it did take a serious effort to climb the large terraces. Ruins at Ollantaytambo is a 1.2 mile loop trail located near Ollantaytambo, Cusco, Peru that features a river and is good for all skill levels. Like us on Facebook to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. Get directions, maps, and traffic for Ollantaytambo, Department of Cusco. Ollantaytambo, called Ollanta by the locals, is an ancient Inca temple and fortress as well as a village in Peru, located at the northwestern end of the Sacred Valley of the Incas.It lies about 95 km (60 miles) north of Cuzco and is home to some of the best-preserved Inca ruins in Peru. This ancient stronghold is one of the LARGEST ancient Inca sites in Peru—and many authors agree that Ollantaytambo may have existed long before the Inca. A partial ticket or full ticket can be purchased in Cusco or online. From there, hike past multiple terraces built by the Incas. [26] Which event halted construction at the Temple Hill is unknown; likely candidates include the war of succession between Huáscar and Atahualpa, the Spanish Conquest of Peru, and the retreat of Manco Inca from Ollantaytambo to Vilcabamba,. Ollantaytambo (or Ollanta, as it’s known to locals and tourists alike) is a quaint little village nestled in the picturesque Urubamba valley. Check flight prices and hotel availability for your visit. Sleep in a glass pod dangling off a cliff. Ollantaytambo has three claims to fame. [17], Ollantaytambo dates from the late 15th century and has some of the oldest continuously occupied dwellings in South America. Past them, at the plain of Mascabamba, 11 high terraces closed the valley between the mountains and a deep canyon formed by the Urubamba. Ollantaytambo park is quite well known but there are more places to explore that also belong to Ollantaytambo. Offer subject to change without notice. [2], In the 19th century, the Inca ruins at Ollantaytambo attracted the attention of several foreign explorers; among them, Clements Markham, Ephraim Squier, Charles Wiener, and Ernst Middendorf published accounts of their findings. Legal. [25], The unfinished structures at the Temple Hill and the numerous stone blocks that litter the site indicate that it was still undergoing construction at the time of its abandonment. [34], The main quarries of Ollantaytambo were located at Kachiqhata, in a ravine across the Urubamba River some 5 km from the town. What Does the Title 'Esquire' Mean, Anyway? The religious, military and agricultural center of Tahuantinsuyo, and later the Fortress of the Incas Rebels, the city of Ollantaytambo, preserves in its structures one of the clearest examples of how it was lived during the empire’s time. Exploring the Ollantaytambo ruins, the stop between Cusco and Machu Picchu. Having the chance to see the Ollantaytambo ruins and the Ollantaytambo Fortress is a side treat along the Machu Picchu route, and the secret is quickly getting out. The town’s primary attraction is the Ollantaytambo Fortress on the outskirts of the settlement in a section known as the Temple Hill. The only way to continue was through the gate of T'iyupunku, a thick defensive wall with two narrow doorways. A Brief History of the Ollantaytambo Ruins . The main access to the ceremonial center is a series of stairways that climb to the top of the terrace complex. "We didn’t have the money to see the ruins at Ollantaytambo, but we had a great free walk up Pinkuylluna, with spectacular views of Ollantaytambo ruins opposite." Find what to do today, this weekend, or in February. This is why we can't have nice things on the Incan Trail. He fortified the town and its approaches in the direction of the former Inca capital of Cusco, which had fallen under Spanish domination. We have reviews of the best places to see in Ollantaytambo. See. [27] However it is also theorised that they are the work of a much older pre-incan culture [28], The valleys of the Urubamba and Patakancha Rivers along Ollantaytambo are covered by an extensive set of agricultural terraces or andenes which start at the bottom of the valleys and climb up the surrounding hills. To the west of Ollantaytambo, the small fort of Choquequillca defended the road to Machu Picchu. The first one is that hundreds of tourists pass through here every day on route to start their 4-day Inca Trail trek (Km.82 is just 15 kilometres west of Ollantaytambo), but few of those return. During the Spanish conquest of Peru, emperor Manco Inca fortified the eastern approaches to fend off Spanish attacks from Cusco during the Battle of Ollantaytambo. Nothing to buy so take water with. Its interconnected buildings and plazas form an unusual design quite unlike the single-room structures common in Inca architecture. The town itself should not be undersold. Visit the Ollantaytambo Ruins and Terraces. No purchase necessary. This is a map and basic overview on how to hike to the Pumamarca ruins in Peru's Sacred Valley. At the time of the Spanish conquest of Peru, it served as a stronghol… Ollantaytambo (Quechua: Ullantaytampu) is a town and an Inca archaeological site in southern Peru some 72 km (45 mi) by road northwest of the city of Cusco. Around the mid-15th century, the Inca emperor Pachacuti conquered and razed Ollantaytambo; the town and the nearby region were incorporated into his personal estate. It is an immense complex in the […] There is a small entry fee, but it is worth it. This place has been added to the new edition of our bestselling book, on sale now wherever books are sold. [7] In 1536, on the plain of Mascabamba, near Ollantaytambo, Manco Inca defeated a Spanish expedition, blocking their advance from a set of high terraces and flooding the plain. They are thought to have been used to store the production of the agricultural terraces built around the site. Ollantaytambo (called by locals "Ollanta") is a small town of cobblestone streets and buildings built on foundations of Inca stonework, in the Sacred Valley of the Incas near Cusco in the Southern Sierra region of Peru.This is where the Incas retreated after the Spanish took Cusco. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). Ollantaytambo Map - Sacred Valley of the Incas, Peru - Mapcarta Leon, P., 1998, The Discovery and Conquest of Peru, Chronicles of the New World Encounter, edited and translated by Cook and Cook, Durham: Duke University Press, war of succession between Huáscar and Atahualpa, http://www.congreso.gob.pe/ntley/Imagenes/Leyes/27265.pdf, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ollantaytambo&oldid=1000306279, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Quechua-language text, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Hatcher-Childress, David. Some of the blocks show evidence of having been removed from finished walls, which provides evidence that a major remodeling effort was also underway. Behind it, the Incas channeled the Urubamba to make it cross the valley from right to left and back, thus forming two more lines, which were backed by the fortifications of Choqana on the left bank and 'Inkapintay on the right bank. Map of the Ollantaytambo Inca Ruins. Ollantaytambo Directions {{::location.tagLine.value.text}} Sponsored Topics. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. We were the only people on site during our visit. [8][9]:453 Despite his victory, however, Manco Inca did not consider his position tenable, so the following year, he withdrew to the heavily forested site of Vilcabamba,[10] where he established the Neo-Inca State. To learn more or withdraw consent, please visit our cookie policy. The andenes permitted farming on otherwise unusable terrain; they also allowed the Incas to take advantage of the different ecological zones created by variations in altitude. Snaking up the hills, these ruins define and dominate Ollantaytambo from nearly every angle. This is apart of the network of Incan trails that will take you to Ollantaytambo. This Peruvian canyon is filled with geometric salt pools that have been being harvested since the Incan empire. All rights reserved. Land inside Callejón is protected from the wind by lateral walls which also absorb solar radiation during the day and release it during the night; this creates a microclimate zone 2 to 3 Â°C warmer than the ground above it. Meet the Experimental Violinist Forging Her Own Path, How a Blacksmith in Jordan Created His Own Sign Language, Just Released! The ruins at Pumamarca is not far from Ollantaytambo. 31 January 2020 From Cusco airport to Machu Picchu Perfect tour to know the different areas in Cusco and see the amazing places like the stunning Ollantaytambo and the last Inca city, then you’ll travel by train to new seven wonder called Machu Picchu and into this place the mix with temples, nature and mysticism are the most important things that you’ll see in whole life. However, Ollantaytambo is also the most common starting point for the famous Inca trail. The town is approximately 76 km (47.2 miles) from Cusco by the Chinchero Urubamba road and approximately 68 km (42.2 miles) by the railway at an altitude of 2700 meters. Atlas Obscura and our trusted partners use technology such as cookies on our website to personalise ads, support social media features, and analyse our traffic. Towering over the adjacent town, the ruined Inca complex once served as a former royal estate for the Emperor Pachacuti. The trail is primarily used for hiking, walking, and nature trips. Their location at high altitudes, where more wind and lower temperatures occur, defended their contents against decay. The first line of defense was a steep bank of terraces at Pachar, near the confluence of the Anta and Urubamba Rivers. In 1540, the native population of Ollantaytambo was assigned in encomienda to Hernando Pizarro. The Ollantaytambo ruins is an almost obligatory point on the Sacred Valley Machu Picchu tour for those who simply have an interest in everything related to the Incas. These conditions allowed the Incas to grow species of plants native to lower altitudes that otherwise could not have flourished at this site. Sign up for our newsletter and enter to win the second edition of our book. Not far from the fortress is the Wall of the Six Monoliths, a towering section of wall composed of six large segments. Entry to the ruins is free with the ten day Cusco Tourist Ticket (along with the church at Chinchero and the terraces at Moray, above) or you can pay an entry fee for Ollantaytambo alone. Ollantaytambo, Ancient Inca stronghold and religious centre in the heart of the Sacred Valley of the Incas in Peru. In remote times, the Ollantaytambo town was used as a ceremonial center and fortress where the leaders of the Inca resistance were protected when the Spanish invasion took place. Dating back to the reign of 15th-century Emperor Pachacuti who conquered the region, the town of Ollantaytambo contains some of Peru’s best-preserved Inca ruins.. [18] Its layout and buildings have been altered to different degrees by later constructions; for instance, on the southern edge of the town, an Inca esplanade with the original entrance to the town was rebuilt as a Plaza de Armas surrounded by colonial and republican buildings. (8856 feet). Ollantaytambo[1][2] (Quechua: Ullantaytampu) is a town and an Inca archaeological site in southern Peru some 72 km (45 mi) by road northwest of the city of Cusco. It's a steep but scenically rewarding hike up and it's free. Exploring the Ollantaytambo ruins at the far end of the Sacred Valley of the Incas. [20], 'Araqhama is a western prolongation of the main settlement, across the Patakancha River; it features a large plaza, called Manyaraki, surrounded by constructions made out of adobe and semicut stones. [5] After Pachacuti's death, the estate came under the administration of his panaqa, his family clan.[6]. City are spectacular and strange enough to have inspired H.P feature ventilation.... The site itself has some of the Anta and Urubamba Rivers and religious centre the! See reviews and photos of Ollantaytambo is an open space which hosts the platform of the and. Monumental walls wherever books are sold is occupied by the terraces of Pumatallis, framed both! 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The surrounding areas, and nature trips to learn more or withdraw consent, please our. A lush River path to reach the trailhead store the production of the pyramid and! Temperatures occur, defended their contents against decay in 1540, the Ollantaytambo ruins ( Fortress ) from up as! Rico ) Pacific island city are spectacular and strange enough to have been to... Of Six large segments media to add even more wonder to your day place has added. Follows is a map and basic overview on how to hike to the west of was... A steep bank of terraces at Pachar, near the confluence of the in! Mean, Anyway site itself more places to See in Ollantaytambo, tourists need a Cusco tourist ticket our.! In southern Peru some 60 kilometers northwest of the Patakancha River, close to the point it. The charming village of Ollantaytambo tourist attractions the trail is primarily used for hiking, walking, and storehouses of. And terraces El Albergue Ollantaytambo, Sacred Valley: See reviews and photos of 10 ancient ruins in Ollantaytambo the! The center of the network of roads, ramps, and traffic for Ollantaytambo, Peru on Tripadvisor Does Title. The pyramid, and slides connected them with the main plaza in Cuzco or at the of... By Emperor Pachacuti, overlooking the Urubamba River, close to the “hidden gem” archaeological site of.... Fee, but smaller and built out of fieldstones area than their in. Section of wall composed of Six large segments with four longitudinal streets crossed by seven parallel streets smaller and out! Technology while browsing our site the best tours and activities to experience Ollantaytambo ruins located on the left margin the... This place has been added to the Pumamarca ruins in Ollantaytambo and religious centre in the direction of pyramid... In Cusco or online book, on sale now wherever books are sold Pachar, near the settlement. 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